facts12


 * Challenged observations: other:**

C004) Pollen grains relative to the zones of Palestine, Edessa, Constantinople and Europe were found (Frei 1979, 1983; Danin 1999). C005) Pollen grains with incrustations soluble in water were found from the vacuumed samples taken from the back surface of the cloth (Riggi 2003). C006) The wrapped or enveloped body was a corpse (Bucklin 1982, Lavoie 1983, Jackson 1998, Petrosillo 1988, Brillante 2002, Baima Bollone 2000, Fanti 2003, Zugibe 2005), but someone still states that the body was in a state of coma (Bonte 1992, Hoare 1994, Gruber 1998, Kuhnke 2004, Felzmann 2005). C007) The human blood is of AB group (Baima Bollone 1981, 1982). C008) The radiocarbon dating of 1988 states that the TS [Shroud of Turin] linen has an age of 1260-1390 (Damon et al. 1989). C009) "Preliminary estimates of the kinetics constants for the loss of vanillin from lignin indicate a much older age for the cloth than the radiocarbon analyses" (Rogers 2005). C010) There is the image of an identified coin (dilepton lituus) on the right eye (Filas 1982; Haralick 1983; Barbesino 1997). C011) There is an image of another identifiable coin (Pilate lepton simpulum) over the left eye (Balossino 1997; Barbesino 1997). C012) The TS [Shroud of Turin] is like a funerary sheet (Persili 1998). C013) There are some analogies between the TS [Shroud of Turin] and the Oviedo Sudarium, including many congruent blood stains (Whanger 1996)". C014) There are various writings around the Face (Marion 1998). C015) There are many identified floral images on the TS [Shroud of Turin], which indicate that the Shroud originated in the vicinity of Jerusalem in the spring of the year, and which have the appearance expected from corona discharge. Some images are consistent with the fruits of pistacia plants, which were used as burial spices (Danin, 1999; Whanger, 2000). C016) Human DNA comes from Riggi’s blood samples from the TS [Shroud of Turin], this because three gene segments were cloned and studied (Garza Valdes 2001). C017) Results from the DNA analysis, made from the TS [Shroud of Turin] blood at the University of Texas, S.Antonio, U.S.A., indicate that some genetic characteristics are relative to the Semitic race (for example hair) (Riggi 2003). C018) The TS [Shroud of Turin] Man died because of an infarct followed by hemopericardium (Malantrucco 1992). C019) Some teeth are visible on the image (Whanger 2000, Accetta 2001). C020) The skull is visible on the TS [Shroud of Turin] (Whanger 2000). C021) Images of the bones of the fingers, of the palms (metacarpals) and of the wrist are visible, and in particular a hidden thumb (Whanger 2000, Accetta 2001). C022) A sponge is visible on the TS [Shroud of Turin] (Whanger 2000). C024) A large nail with two crossed smaller nails are visible on the TS [Shroud of Turin] (Whanger 2000). C025) A shaft and head of spear are visible on the TS [Shroud of Turin] (Whanger 2000). C026) A crown of thorns with stalks and flowers is visible on the TS [Shroud of Turin] (Whanger 2000). C027) Some bloodstains such as those on the arms and the "reverse-3" on the forehead present a discontinuity in which a more attenuate region is evident (Jackson 1987, Schneider 2004). C028) Several wood tubules were found from an oak from Riggi’s samples (Garza Valdes 2001). C029) A bioplastic coating was found around the TS [Shroud of Turin] linen fibers (Garza Valdes 2001). C030) Traces of saliva are visible on the image (Scheuermann 1983). C031) Traces of tears may be visible on the body image under the right eye (Guerreschi 2000). C032) An ecchymosis, on the left shoulder-blade level, and a wound on the right shoulder that added to the wounds of the scourge are evident; in such areas the wounds caused by the scourge appear enlarged probably by the pressure of the patibulum (Ricci 1989). C033) Some early paintings of Jesus (before the VI century A.D. ) in Rome have been produced independently from the TS [Shroud of Turin] but have a significant similarity to the image on the TS [Shroud of Turin]. If it is assumed that these paintings go back to people, who have known Jesus personally and knew therefore, how he has looked like. The significant similarities to the image on the TS [Shroud of Turin] indicates that both types of images go back to the same source: the historical Jesus (Felzmann 2003-2005). C034) Natron (sodium carbonate) was found in the dusts aspired from the back surface of the TS [Shroud of Turin] (Riggi 1982). C035) Aloe and myrrh were found by microscopic analysis (Baima Bollone 1983 and Nitowski 1986) but not by Heller (1983) and Rogers 2003). C036) The scourge marks are part of the image and primarily not caused from blood coming out of the wounds (Hoare 1994). C037) A ponytail is visible on the back image (Fanti and Marinelli 2001, fig. 12 B and C, Antonacci 2000, fig 3). C038) In the image of the back of the head some blood stains are partially masked (Scheuermann 1984). C039) Some blood stains are comparable to transfers that would be expected if a person was posed in the vertical position (Lavoie 1983, 2003).