CHARACTERISICS+OF+THE+IMAGE+THAT+A+THEORY+MUST+SATISFY

In agreement with the paper entitled "[|Evidences for Testing Hypotheses about the Body Image Formation of The Turin Shroud]" the body image of a shroud reproduced in accordance to a defined theory must have the following characteristics some of which are of type A (sure) and other are of type B (almost sure). Please note that that theory must also consider how the blood traces were transposed on the cloth. Note: The numbers here reported refer to the evidences reported in the paper.

// Image fibers from STURP-1EB (G. Fanti)

CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE LINEN YARNS AND FIBERS// The image is a result of concentrations of yellow to light brown fibers (A11), there is no protein painting medium or protein-containing coating in image areas (B10). The image color resides only on the topmost fibers at the highest parts of the weave (A2); the color has a discontinuous distribution along the yarn of the cloth: there is no cementation signs among the image fibers (A17) and no fluorescent pyrolysis products (A19). Closer examination.

//Face photographed in UV fluorescence (on the left) and in IR (on the right) (G.B. Judica Cordiglia).//

//OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BODY IMAGE// The body image does not fluoresce in the visible light under ultraviolet illumination (A24) and emits radiations in the 8-14 micrometers infrared range (A29); the non-image area fluoresces with a maximum at about 435 nanometers (A25). If a fiber is colored, it is uniformly colored around its cylindrical surface; relatively long fibers show variation in color from non-image to image area (B15). Closer examination.

//Numerical manikin built for the analysis and reconstruction of the body image ([|R. Basso et al.])//

//CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BODY IMAGE //The body image is very faint (A31), it does not have well defined contours (A34), it shows no evidence of image saturation (A32), it has a resolution of 4,9±0,5 mm. A body image is visible in areas of body-sheet non-contact zones, such as those between nose and cheek (B45). The body image has the normal tones of light and dark reversed with respect to a photograph, such that parts nearer to the cloth are darker (B27). The luminance distribution of both the frontal and dorsal images has been correlated to the clearances between a three-dimensional surface of the body and a covering cloth (B28). The frontal image, at least in correspondence to the head, is doubly superficial (B36). Although anatomical details are generally in close agreement with standard human-body measurements, some measurements made on the Shroud image, such as hands, calves and torso, do not agree with anthropological standards (A51). The frontal body image (195 cm long) is compatible, within an uncertainty of +/-2 cm, with the dorsal image (202 m long) if it is supposed that the Shroud enveloped a corpse having the head tilted forward, the knees partially bent and the feet stretched forwards and downwards (B25). The very high rigidity of the body is evident (B39) and the body image shows no evidences of putrefaction signs (A52). Closer examination.

//Side wound (B. Schwortz)//

//BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS// A class of red particles test positively for the presence of protein, hemin, bilirubin, and albumin; give positive hemochromagen and cyanmethemoglobin responses; after chemical generation they display the characteristic fluorescence of porphyrins (A60): they are blood. No body image formed under the blood stains (A53) and no smears are evident in the blood traces (A72). The maintenance of the red bright color of the blood with time was observed. Body fluids other than blood or serum did not percolate into the cloth (A58). There are blood traces not consistent with scalp hair traces soaked with blood in correspondence to the image of the hair on the front side (B53). Closer examination.